What Is Vertigo? Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and Prevention

 

 

The causes of vertigo should be known and understood by the wider community. Vertigo is a condition in which it can make the sufferer experience dizziness. But the dizziness makes the sufferer feel himself or his surroundings spinning.

It is undeniable that vertigo is often considered a disease. But in fact, vertigo is a symptom of another condition or disease.

When a person suffers from vertigo, it should be immediately checked with an expert doctor. The goal is to find out what is the cause of the vertigo that the patient is experiencing. That way, the doctor can provide appropriate treatment to relieve symptoms and prevent relapse.

There are several causes of vertigo that need to be known. So what are the causes of vertigo and its symptoms and how to overcome it, see the following information review.

Symptoms of Vertigo

Before discussing the causes of vertigo, it is worth knowing the symptoms that can be experienced by sufferers. Vertigo is characterized by a sensation in which it makes the sufferer or his surroundings seem to be spinning. However, the symptoms of vertigo are different in each person. It depends on the type of vertigo experienced by the sufferer.

The symptoms of peripheral vertigo that can be felt by the sufferer are as follows:

• Blurry vision

• Hearing loss

• Pain or congestion in the ear

• Ringing ears (tinnitus) in one or both ears

• Loss of balance

• Nauseous

• Vomit

Meanwhile, the symptoms of central vertigo that can be experienced by sufferers include:

• Eyeball movement disorders, such as nystagmus

• Double vision

• Paralysis of the face

• Difficult to swallow

• Pelo talk

• Weakness in the limbs

Such symptoms can last for several minutes to hours. Patients can also experience symptoms continuously (chronically) or disappear. Even in severe vertigo, symptoms are able to be felt for several days to months.

However, the symptoms of peripheral vertigo will usually end sooner. Meanwhile, the symptoms of central vertigo tend to last longer.

Basically, vertigo can appear as a result of disorders in the brain or ears. That is, vertigo is a symptom of another condition or disease resulting from the presence of a disorder in the brain or ear.

Vertigo can be divided into two if based on the cause. The causes of vertigo are as follows.

a. Peripheral Vertigo

Peripheral vertigo is one of the most commonly experienced types of vertigo. Vertigo is caused by a disorder in the inner ear that serves to maintain the balance of the body, namely the vestibular labyrinth (vestibular labyrinth).

Not only in the inside of the ear, disorders also occur in the vestibular nerve. It is a nerve that is between the inner ear and the brainstem. As for a number of disorders that are generally the cause of peripheral vertigo are the following:

• Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)

• Meniere's disease          

• Vestibular neuronitis or inflammation of the vestibular nerve

• Labyrinthitis or inflammation of the ducts inside the vestibular maze

• Perilymphatic fistula or tear on the dividing wall between the inner ear and the middle ear

• Otosclerosis or abnormal growth of bones in the ear

• Cholesteatoma or abnormal growth of the skin behind the eardrum

• Injury to the head or neck

• Ramsay Hunt syndrome

• Pressure on the vestibular nerves commonly caused by benign tumors, such as acoustic neuroma or meningiomas

b. Central Vertigo

The cause of central vertigo is generally a disorder of the central nervous system or brain. Other causes of central vertigo are as follows:

• Injuries to the neck and head

• Migraine

• Diabetes

• Stroke

• Parkinson's disease

• Multiple sclerosis

• Chiari Malformations

• Syphilis or sexually transmitted infections caused by bacteria

• Benign or malignant tumors, especially if they grow in the vestibular nerve

In addition to the consequences of these conditions, there are other causes of peripheral and central vertigo. Here are the causes of peripheral vertigo and central vertigo to watch out for:

• Allergies, for example to dust, feathers, flower powder, food or mold

• Changes in air pressure that can cause damage to the ears, for example when diving

• Anxiety disorders, such as stress, panic and anxiety

• Pregnancy is generally due to hormonal changes, narrowing of blood vessels during pregnancy and a decrease in blood sugar levels

• Side effects of drug use, for example aspirin, blood pressure medications, sedatives, anti-cramps and antidepressants.

How to Overcome Vertigo

Generally, vertigo can heal on its own. However, some cases of vertigo require treatment from a doctor. The actions taken by the doctor will later be adjusted to the cause of the vertigo experienced.

Even so, there are several ways to overcome or relieve vertigo, including:

• Symptoms of Vertigo Are Tinnitus, Know Other Characteristics To How To Overcome It

• Sit or lie down when vertigo appears

• Not much to move

• Does not change the position of the body abruptly

• Avoid overexposed rays

• Not reading any writing